@Article{OliveiraOyam:2020:ObFe,
               author = "Oliveira, Fernando Pereira de and Oyama, M. D.",
          affiliation = "{Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE)} and {Instituto 
                         de Aeron{\'a}utica e Espa{\c{c}}o (IAE)}",
                title = "Squall-line initiation over the northern coast of Brazil in March: 
                         observational features",
              journal = "Meteorological Applications",
                 year = "2020",
               volume = "27",
               number = "1",
                pages = "e1799",
                month = "Jan.",
             keywords = "coastal convection, deep convection, mesoscale, squall line.",
             abstract = "The daily cycle of atmospheric conditions related to squall-line 
                         (SL) initiation over the northern coast of Brazil (NCB) was 
                         obtained for a specific month (March) over the course of a decade 
                         (2004-2013). March falls during the NCB's rainy season. A 
                         comparison of atmospheric conditions between two categories, the 
                         most intense SL events (SLC+) and the weakest coastal convection 
                         events (CC-), was carried out. For both categories, the daily 
                         cycle of convective cluster properties (i.e. number and area) over 
                         the NCB showed that the transition from shallow to deep convection 
                         occurred from 1200 to 1500 UTC, and the development of multicell 
                         storms occurred from 1500 to 1800 UTC. From 1800 to 2100 UTC for 
                         the SLC+ events, the number of clusters decreased sharply, and the 
                         area slightly expanded, which indicated upscaling via merging; for 
                         the CC- events, merging was a secondary mechanism, and the 
                         clusters did not experience upscaling. Atmospheric conditions were 
                         computed from the ERA-Interim reanalysis data. By focusing on the 
                         significant differences between the categories, it was found that 
                         SL initiation was related to a higher moisture content at 
                         approximately 700hPa for all analysis times (0600, 1200, 1800 and 
                         0000 UTC) and to a stronger low-level moisture convergence from 
                         0600 to 1800 UTC, mid-level upward motion from 1200 to 0000 UTC, 
                         low-level convergence at 1200 UTC, and upper-level divergence from 
                         1800 to 0000 UTC.",
                  doi = "10.1002/met.1799",
                  url = "http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/met.1799",
                 issn = "1350-4827",
             language = "en",
           targetfile = "oliveira_squall.pdf",
        urlaccessdate = "27 abr. 2024"
}